FROM RESOURCES TO PERFORMANCE: WORK ENGAGEMENT AND RESOURCES

Authors

  • Muhammad Farooq Jan Brains Institute Peshawar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6547-2469
  • Shabana Essa Research Scholar COMSATS, Attock, Pakistan
  • Wisal Ahmed Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat

Abstract

Employee engagement has become an essential business construct for many leading organizations as an essential driver for efficiency and productivity. The study discusses the drivers of the work engagement and employee performance at workplace by considering different resources including job and individual resources on the bases of COR theory in Pakistan (OGDCL).Questioners containing 34 items which was adapted from A. B. Bakker, Demerouti, Evangelia, Oerlemans, Wido GM (2014)The Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) questionnaire. AMOS statistical package was used to draw the model and check the mediation of PR (personal resource) between job resources and work engagement. Results shows that personal resources and job resources effect the work engagement as mediating and independent factor respectively while work engagement make very minimum to job performance. Directions regarding areas for future research are given.

References

Andrew, O. C., & Sofian, S. (2012). Individual factors and work outcomes of employee engagement. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 498-508.

Bakker, A. B., Albrecht, S. L., & Leiter, M. P. (2011). Key questions regarding work engagement. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 20(1), 4-28.

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of managerial psychology, 22(3), 309-328.

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career development international, 13(3), 209-223.

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Lieke, L. (2012). Work engagement, performance, and active learning: The role of conscientiousness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 555-564.

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands‐resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human resource management, 43(1), 83-104.

Bakker, A. B., Schaufeli, W. B., Leiter, M. P., & Taris, T. W. (2008). Work engagement: An emerging concept in occupational health psychology. Work & Stress, 22(3), 187-200.

Bhatnagar, J. (2007). Talent management strategy of employee engagement in Indian ITES employees: key to retention. Employee relations, 29(6), 640-663.

Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1997). Task performance and contextual performance: The meaning for personnel selection research. Human performance, 10(2), 99-109.

Catteeuw, F., Flynn, E., & Vonderhorst, J. (2007). Employee engagement: Boosting productivity in turbulent times. Organization Development Journal, 25(2), P151.

Chen, G., Gully, S. M., & Eden, D. (2001). Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale. Organizational research methods, 4(1), 62-83.

Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work engagement: A quantitative review and test of its relations with task and contextual performance. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 89-136.

Cook, S. (2008). The essential guide to employee engagement: better business performance through staff satisfaction. Kogan Page Publishers.

Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American psychologist, 56(3), 218.

Fredrickson, B. L., & Joiner, T. (2002). Positive emotions trigger upward spirals toward emotional well-being. Psychological science, 13(2), 172-175.

Gatenby, M., Rees, C., Soane, E., & Truss, C. (2008). Employee Engagement in Context. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.

Greenhaus, J. H., Parasuraman, S., & Wormley, W. M. (1990). Effects of race on organizational experiences, job performance evaluations, and career outcomes. Academy of management Journal, 33(1), 64-86.

Hakanen, J. J., & Roodt, G. (2010). Using the job demands-resources model to predict engagement: Analysing a conceptual model. Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research, 85-101.

Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American psychologist, 44(3), 513.

Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of management journal, 33(4), 692-724.

Koyuncu, M., Burke, R. J., & Fiksenbaum, L. (2006). Work engagement among women managers and professionals in a Turkish bank: Potential antecedents and consequences. Equal Opportunities International, 25(4), 299-310.

Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and organizational Psychology, 1(1), 3-30.

MacLeod, D., & Clarke, N. (2009). Engaging for success: enhancing performance through employee engagement: a report to government. London: Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.

Mani, V. (2011). Analysis of employee engagement and its predictors. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 1(2), 15.

Markos, S., & Sridevi, M. S. (2010). Employee engagement: The key to improving performance. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 89.

Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 397-422.

Newman, D. A., & Harrison, D. A. (2008). Been there, bottled that: Are state and behavioral work engagement new and useful construct “wines”?. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(01), 31-35.

Oerlemans, W. G., Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2014). How feeling happy during off-job activities helps successful recovery from work: A day reconstruction study. Work & Stress, 28(2), 198-216.

Penna (2007). Meaning at Work Research Report. [Online] Available: http:// www. e-penna.com/ newsopinion /research.aspx (November10, 2016)

Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance. Academy of management journal, 53(3), 617-635.

Richman, A. (2006). Everyone wants an engaged workforce how can you create it. Workspan, 49(1), 36-9.

Robertson-Smith, G., & Markwick, C. (2009). Employee engagement: A review of current thinking. Brighton: Institute for Employment Studies.

Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of managerial psychology, 21(7), 600-619.

Salanova, M., Bakker, A. B., & Llorens, S. (2006). Flow at work: Evidence for an upward spiral of personal and organizational resources. Journal of Happiness Studies, 7(1), 1-22.

Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi‐sample study. Journal of organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293-315.

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire a cross-national study. Educational and psychological measurement, 66(4), 701-716.

Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Van Rhenen, W. (2009). How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(7), 893-917.

Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., GonzГЎlez-RomГЎ, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness studies, 3(1), 71-92.

Towers, P. (2003). Working today: Understanding what drives employee engagement. Towers Perrin: Stamford CT.

Vance, R. J. (2006). Employee engagement and commitment. SHRM Foundation.

Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2007). The role of personal resources in the job demands-resources model. International journal of stress management, 14(2), 121.

Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Reciprocal relationships between job resources, personal resources, and work engagement. Journal of Vocational behavior, 74(3), 235-244.

Downloads

Published

05.04.2021

How to Cite

Jan, M. F., Essa, S., & Ahmed, W. (2021). FROM RESOURCES TO PERFORMANCE: WORK ENGAGEMENT AND RESOURCES. CITY UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL, 11(1). Retrieved from https://cusitjournals.com/index.php/CURJ/article/view/567

Issue

Section

Articles